Simultaneous Packing and Covering in Three-Dimensional Euclidean Space

It is proved that the simultaneous lattice packing and latticecovering constant of every three-dimensional centrally symmetricconvex body is less than or equal to 7/4. Consequently, forany three-dimensional convex body K there is a correspondinglattice packing in which no extra translate of K can be added.     

fcc solid solution alloy films formed in immiscible Fe-Ag system and their mechanical behaviors

Fe-Ag alloy films were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Fe K edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) was performed by synchrotron radiation to evidence the structure of the films. Annealing experiments were carried out to study their stability. The hardness and elastic modulus were measured by nanoindentation. The experimental and calculated XANES spectra both reveal that Fe atoms replace part of Ag atoms and supersaturated fcc Ag (Fe) solid solution alloy films are formed up to 38 at.% Fe. The solid solutions are stable and begin to precipitate at 400 °C The elastic modulus increases with the increase of Fe concentration and satisfies the rule of mixtures. The hardness of the as-deposited alloy film is larger than that calculated based on the rule of mixtures. The mechanism responsible for the enhancement of the hardness is discussed in terms of Labusch model of solid solution hardening.     

Single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate catalyzed by ytterbium powder

Zerovalent ytterbium (Yb) powder is firstly used as a catalyst in single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by carbon tetrachloride in N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. Polymerization proceeds in a “living”/controlled way as evidenced by kinetic studies and chain extension results, producing well‐defined polymers with controlled degree of polymerization and narrow molecular weight distribution. The apparent activation energy of polymerization in DMF is accounted to be 36.2 kJ/mol, and the energy of equilibrium state is calculated to be 13.9 kJ/mol. An increase in the concentration of Yb(0) yields a higher monomer conversion. It is observed that polymerization rate experiments a rapid increase in the presence of more polar solvent water, and increasing in the content of H₂O results in an increase in the apparent rate constant of polymerization, and a decrease in the molecular weight distribution. The reaction rate and molecular weight increase along with the decrease of DMF content. The effect of Yb(0) powder content, different ligands and concentration of initiator on the polymerization is also investigated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Synthesis of main‐chain poly(carbazole)s via CuAAC

The synthesis and characterization of a novel family of main‐chain carbazole‐containing polymers using copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition chemistry is reported. The reactions were performed under mild conditions using readily available copper catalysts and ligands, which afforded polymeric products with M_ws up to 18 kDa. Using a range of techniques, the polymers were found to exhibit a glass transition temperature (T_g) of 85 °C, high thermal stability (T_d = 274 °C), and high photoluminescent quantum efficiency (?_f = 0.29; λ_em = 448 nm), which underscore their potential for use in organic light‐emitting diodes or other emissive devices, particularly where efficient blue emission is of value. The approach described offers practical advantages over other synthetic methods used to prepare main‐chain carbazole‐containing polymers, especially with regard to the lack of need for rigorously inert conditions and the absence of byproducts generated during the polymerization reaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Parameter-setting-free harmony search algorithm

Various phenomenon-mimicking algorithms, such as genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, tabu search, ant colony optimization, and particle swarm optimization, have their own algorithm parameters. These parameters need to be skillfully assigned in order to obtain good results. It is burdensome, especially to novice users, to assign these parameters. The same is true for the harmony search algorithm which was inspired by music performance. Thus, this study proposes a novel technique to eliminate tedious and experience-requiring parameter assigning efforts. The new parameter-setting-free (PSF) technique which this study suggests contains one additional matrix which contains an operation type (random selection, memory consideration, or pitch adjustment) for every variable in harmony memory. Three examples illustrate that the PSF technique can find good solutions robustly.     

Schiff碱N,N’-双水杨醛缩-1,6-己二胺的光致变色光谱研究

用稳态和时间相关荧光光谱、紫外 -可见吸收光谱和傅立叶变换红外光谱等方法研究了 Schiff碱N ,N -双水杨醛缩 -1 ,6-己二胺 ( BSH)的光致变色行为 .确定了光致变色的产物为双质子转移的酮式结构 .     

乙酰丙酮吸光光度法测定白酒中甲醇含量

乙酰丙酮法测定白酒中甲醇是一种新的测试方法。白酒样品用高锰酸钾氧化后，加草酸除去过量的氧化剂，在pH3～4范围内，加入乙酰丙酮溶液，在沸水浴中显色，于418nm波长处测量其吸光度。方法步骤简单，具有较高的灵敏度和较高的重现性。     

Easy Fabrication of Dense Ceramic Membrane for Oxygen Separation

During the past decade, dense-type oxygen-permeable ceramic membranes have received considerable attention both in the fields of scientific research and industrial application1, 2. Such membranes have mixed oxygen-ionic and electronic conductivity, and they can permeate oxygen at high temperature under an oxygen gradient without the need of outside connecting line and electrodes. Envisioned applications range from small scale oxygen pumps for medical use to large scale integrated gasification …     

网络的超星分形生长模型

随着信息产业国际化趋势的发展，广域网理论的研究显得越来越重要，中提出了网络的分形生长结构模型和生长方法，从全新的角度讨论广域网的生长、发展的过程。该结构模型将是描述互连广域的重要工具。